Documented, NIH-recognized risk of serious liver injury (including deaths in patients with pre-existing liver disease) — this outweighs the sperm-count promise from a single, since-delisted-journal trial. Avoid entirely with any liver condition; discuss with a doctor otherwise.
An Ayurvedic adaptogen, heavily marketed in India for male fertility, stress, and testosterone.
What the evidence shows
1A pilot RCT (46 oligospermic men, 675mg/day for 90 days) reported large relative gains: +167% sperm count, +53% semen volume, +57% motility from baseline — but this trial ran in Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, a journal discontinued in September 2024 after being delisted by Clarivate's Web of Science for quality concerns. Treat the magnitude of this result with real caution, not as a clean indexed-journal RCT.
2Evidence for general/female fertility (as opposed to male sperm parameters, or stress/testosterone in healthy men) is thinner still.
Evidence tier
⛔Documented harm
⛔ Peer-reviewed evidence of serious adverse effects from the item's own chemistry/pharmacology or a well-characterized allergic mechanism. More serious than contamination; not resolved by buying a 'reputable brand'.