Hydrosalpinx

A hydrosalpinx is a fallopian tube blocked at the end nearest the ovary, causing fluid to collect and the tube to swell. It usually follows an earlier infection, surgery, or endometriosis. Beyond blocking the tube itself, the trapped fluid can leak backward into the uterus and interfere with an embryo trying to implant, which is why it is often treated before IVF rather than left in place.